New York State Reformatory Ledgers Relating to Inmate Education, Labor, and Conduct
Held by the New York State Archives
Overview of the Records
Repository:
New York State Archives
New York State Education Department
Cultural Education Center
Albany, NY 12230
Summary:
Under the Elmira system, each inmate's release was determined by good behavior and the accumulation of marks for school achievement,
labor productivity, and adherence to institutional rules. This series consists of ledgers recording the "credits" and "debits"
used in this elaborate marking system. Each page of the ledger contains the record of a single inmate. The inmate's ledger
was maintained until he was paroled or had served his maximum sentence.
Creator:
Title:
Quantity:
21 cubic feet (40 volumes)
Inclusive Dates:
1880-1905
Series Number:
B0140
Arrangement
Numerical by consecutive number.
Scope and Content Note
Under the Elmira system, each inmate's release was determined by good behavior and the accumulation of marks for school achievement,
labor productivity, and adherence to institutional rules. This series consists of ledgers recording the "credits" and "debits"
used in this elaborate marking system.
Each page of the ledger contains the record of a single inmate. Credits and debits are totaled monthly. The inmate's ledger
was maintained until he was paroled or had served his maximum sentence.
An inmate's ledger page contains the following information: consecutive number; name and age; offense; maximum sentence;
date received; height and weight; note if inmate is "Colored"; proposed trade; work assignment (e.g., bindery, paint shop,
tailor); name of classes and marks in evening trade school; marks in drawing school; marks in military squad; and monthly
totals of debits and credits (year and month, debits for demeanor, study, and labor, description of specific offenses in demeanor,
expenses for store purchases, doctor, and board, credits for work, marks for school, notation of promotion or demotion to
a new grade, and date of parole or release).
Use of Records
Access Restrictions
There are no restrictions regarding access to or use of the material.
Related Information
Related Materials
Series B2011 Demeanor report book, contains related records concerning inmate conduct at the New York State Reformatory at Elmira.
Access Terms
Corporate Name(s):
Geographic Name(s):
Subject(s):
Genre(s):
Function(s):
Detailed Description
| Dates |
Contents |
Box |
Accretion: B0140-80 |
| 1886-1892 |
Volume 1 - Inmate nos. 51-383 (received 1876-1892); dates of conduct information 1886-1892 |
1 |
| 1891-1900 |
Volume 2 - Inmate nos. 338-472 (received 1891-1900); dates of conduct information 1891-1900 |
2 |
| 1898-1904 |
Volume 3 - Inmate nos. 426-553 (received 1898-1904); dates of conduct information 1898-1904 |
3 |
| 1880-1887 |
Volume 4, Part 1 - Inmate nos. 584-779 (received 1880-1881); dates of conduct information 1880-1882 |
4 |
| 1884-1892 |
Volume 5 - Inmate nos. 1650-2199 (received 1884-1886); dates of conduct information 1884-1892 |
5 |
| 1886-1892 |
Volume 6 - Inmate nos. 2200-2689 (received 1886-1887); dates of conduct information 1886-1892 |
6 |
| 1887-1892 |
Volume 7 - Inmate nos. 2699-3174 (received 1887-1888); dates of conduct information 1887-1892 |
7 |
| 1888-1892 |
Volume 8 - Inmate nos. 3175-3659 (received 1888-1889); dates of conduct information 1888-1892 |
8 |
| 1889-1892 |
Volume 9 - Inmate nos. 3660-4200 (received 1889-1900); dates of conduct information 1889-1892 |
9 |
| 1891-1895 |
Volume 10 - Inmate nos. 3901-4400 (received 1890-1891); dates of conduct information 1891-1895 |
10 |
| 1890-1892 |
Volume 11 - Inmate nos. 4201-4931 (received 1890-1891); dates of conduct information 1890-1892 |
11 |
| 1891-1894 |
Volume 12 - Inmate nos. 4401-4750 (received 1891); dates of conduct information 1891-1904 |
12 |
| 1891-1894 |
Volume 13 - Inmate nos. 4751-5050 (received 1891-1892); dates of conduct information 1891-1904 |
13 |
| 1891-1892 |
Volume 14 - Inmate nos. 4932-5352 (received 1891-1892); dates of conduct information 1891-1902 |
14 |
| 1892-1894 |
Volume 15 - Inmate nos. 5051-5450 (received 1892); dates of conduct information 1892-1894 |
15 |
| 1892-1895 |
Volume 16 - Inmate nos. 5451-5825 (received 1892-1893); dates of conduct information 1892-1895 |
16 |
| 1883-1893 |
Volume 17 - Inmate nos. 1458-5821 (received 1883-1893); dates of conduct information 1894-1897 |
17 |
| 1893-1895 |
Volume 18 - Inmate nos. 5826-6199 (received 1893); dates of conduct information 1893-1895 |
18 |
| 1893-1897 |
Volume 19 - Inmate nos. 6200-6599 (received 1893-1894); dates of conduct information 1893-1897 |
19 |
| 1894-1897 |
Volume 20 - Inmate nos. 6600-6999 (received 1894-1895); dates of conduct information 1894-1897 |
20 |
| 1897-1899 |
Volume 21 - Inmate nos. 2163-6999 (received 1885-1895); dates of conduct information 1897-1899 |
21 |
| 1897-1899 |
Volume 22 - Inmate nos. 7000-7399 (received 1895-1896); dates of conduct information 1897-1899 |
22 |
| 1895-1897 |
Volume 23 - Inmate nos. 7052-7399 (received 1895-1896); dates of conduct information 1895-1897 |
23 |
| 1898-1900 |
Volume 24 - Inmate nos. 2163-7796 (received 1885-1896); dates of conduct information 1898-1900 |
24 |
| 1896-1897 |
Volume 25 - Inmate nos. 7400-7799 (received 1896-); dates of conduct information 1896-1897 |
25 |
| 1896-1900 |
Volume 26 - Inmate nos. 7800-8199 (received 1896-1897); dates of conduct information 1896-1900 |
26 |
| 1899-1902 |
Volume 27 - Inmate nos. 4485-8674 (received 1891-1898); dates of conduct information 1899-1902 |
27 |
| 1897-1900 |
Volume 28 - Inmate nos. 8200-8674 (received 1897-1898); dates of conduct information 1897-1900 |
28 |
| 1898-1901 |
Volume 29 - Inmate nos. 8675-9125 (received 1898-1899); dates of conduct information 1898-1901 |
29 |
| 1901-1902 |
Volume 30 - Inmate nos. 8676-9550 (received 1898-1900); dates of conduct information 1901-1902 |
30 |
| 1899-1901 |
Volume 31 - Inmate nos. 9126-9555 (received 1899-1900); dates of conduct information 1899-1901 |
31 |
| 1900-1902 |
Volume 32 - Inmate nos. 9551-10050 (received 1900); dates of conduct information 1900-1902 |
32 |
| 1902-1904 |
Volume 33 - Inmate nos. 4485-10044 (received 1891-1900); dates of conduct information 1902-1904 |
33 |
| 1900-1903 |
Volume 34 - Inmate nos. 10051-10500 (received 1900-1901); dates of conduct information 1900-1903 |
34 |
| 1901-1904 |
Volume 35 - Inmate nos. 10501-10990 (received 1901-1902); dates of conduct information 1901-1904 |
35 |
| 1902-1904 |
Volume 36 - Inmate nos. 10991-11424 (received 1902); dates of conduct information 1902-1904 |
36 |
| 1902-1905 |
Volume 37 - Inmate nos. 11425-11999 (received 1902-1903); dates of conduct information 1902-1905 |
37 |
| 1903-1905 |
Volume 38 - Inmate nos. 12000-12399 (received 1903-1904); dates of conduct information 1903-1905 |
38 |
| 1904-1905 |
Volume 39 - Inmate nos. 12400-12699 (received 1904); dates of conduct information 1904-1905 |
39 |
| 1904-1905 |
Volume 40 - Inmate nos. 12700-12999 (received 1904); dates of conduct information 1904-1905 |
40 |
